海马神经发生调节了成年期和婴儿期的遗忘
Katherine G Akers1, Alonso Martinez-Canabal, Leonardo Restivo
1Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 10, 2014
概括
海马中新的神经元的生长会导致记忆的遗忘. 减少婴儿的神经发生可以预防婴儿失忆症,而增加它可以导致记忆丧失.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 记忆研究 记忆研究
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
背景情况:
- 持续增加新的神经元 (神经发生) 发生在整个生命的牙状环.
- 计算模型表明神经发生重塑海马回路,可能导致记忆退化.
- 婴儿失忆症,或早期记忆的快速遗忘,与婴儿时期高水平的海马神经发生有关.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究海马神经发生在记忆忘记中的因果作用,跨越不同的生命阶段和物种.
- 为了确定操纵神经生成水平是否可以诱导或减轻记忆丧失和婴儿失忆症.
主要方法:
- 在记忆形成后,在成年小鼠中实验增加或减少海马神经发生.
- 评估神经发生学操纵对已建立记忆回忆的影响.
- 对比早熟物种 (试验猪,德古斯) 的记忆保留与小鼠的自然低产后神经发生.
- 诱导婴儿早熟物种的神经发生,观察对记忆的影响.
主要成果:
- 在记忆形成后,成年小鼠的神经发生的增加足以导致遗忘.
- 在婴儿小鼠中减少神经发生减轻了记忆遗忘.
- 婴儿试验猪和 degus,与低产后神经发生,没有表现忘记.
- 在婴儿早熟物种中增加神经发生导致婴儿失忆症.
结论:
- 海马神经发生在遗忘已建立的记忆中发挥着直接作用.
- 操纵神经生成水平可以控制记忆的持久性和婴儿失忆症的发生.
- 产后海马神经发生的水平是婴儿失忆症发展的关键因素.
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