昆虫基因组和神经系统的进化起源
Leonid L Moroz1, Kevin M Kocot2, Mathew R Citarella3
11] The Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, 9505 Ocean Shore Blvd, St Augustine, Florida 32080, USA [2] Department of Neuroscience & McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA [3] Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, Friday Harbor, Washington 98250, USA.
Nature
|May 23, 2014
概括
类生物,或类,拥有独特的神经系统,可能代表最早的动物血统. 它们的基因组显示出不同的基因内容,这表明神经系统的独立进化.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 动物学 动物学
背景情况:
- 复杂的动物神经系统的进化起源在很大程度上是未知的.
- 类动物拥有神经系统和中皮体衍生肌肉,不像其他基底元生动物.
- 它们独特的生物学包括复杂的运动,行为和发育.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查Ctenophora在Metazoa中的进化位置.
- 为了分析ctenophores的基因组和转录组内容.
- 为了理解神经系统和肌肉系统在ctenophores的独立进化.
主要方法:
- 关于Pleurobrachia bachei (太平洋海) 的基因组测序草案.
- 转录组测序十种额外的类动物物种.
- 基因家族的比较基因组分析,包括神经性,免疫性和发育性基因.
- 代谢和生理数据分析.
主要成果:
- 与其他动物相比,Ctenophore基因组在神经性,免疫性和发育性基因含量方面表现出了显著的差异.
- 综合性分析表明,Ctenophora可能是Metazoa中最早的分离血统.
- 缺少HOX基因,正规的microRNA机械和减少的免疫补充支持这一假设.
- 许多双边神经元特异性基因和经典的神经递质通路基因不在或没有在ctenophores中神经元表达.
结论:
- 科特诺波拉 (Ctenophora) 代表了甲基动物 (Metazoa) 内的基底血统,可能在其他动物的最后一个共同祖先之前分支.
- 昆虫神经系统和可能的肌肉特征是独立于其他动物的神经系统和肌肉特征而进化的.
- 单体的独特基因组和遗传构成为早期动物进化和复杂特征的独立起源提供了洞察力.
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