每一个新生儿:卫生系统的瓶和加快各国扩大规模的战略
Kim E Dickson1, Aline Simen-Kapeu1, Mary V Kinney2
1UNICEF, Programmes Division, New York, NY, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|May 24, 2014
概括
实现全民基本医疗保健可以将新生儿死亡率降低71%. 关键策略包括改善卫生工作人员技能,财政保障和强有力的领导力,以扩大对母亲和新生儿的护理.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 孕产妇和新生儿的健康
- 卫生系统研究 卫生系统研究
背景情况:
- 基本干预措施可以显著减少新生儿死亡,死产,并改善母亲和儿童的结果.
- 对于降低死亡率至关重要的出生周围和小/生病新生儿的护理,目前受到低和不公平的覆盖.
- 这些重症监护套餐是整体卫生系统功能的敏感指标.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估阻碍高负担国家基本孕产妇和新生儿医疗保健的瓶.
- 确定快速进步的国家在减少新生儿死亡率方面采用的成功策略.
- 为国家卫生计划提出数据驱动的流程,以提高护理质量和覆盖率.
主要方法:
- 对医疗保健瓶的系统评估,涉及8个新生儿死亡负担高的国家的600多名专家.
- 分析卫生工作人员,融资和服务供应的共同限制.
- 检查快速进步国家的战略,以实现雄心勃勃的新生儿死亡率降低目标.
主要成果:
- 确定了2465个瓶,在高负担国家的卫生工作人员,融资和服务提供方面存在共同问题.
- 观察到干预特定瓶的变化,例如,亚洲的袋鼠母婴护理挑战与非洲的可行性.
- 发现实现区域最佳实践新生儿死亡率可能会超过2035年的目标.
结论:
- 降低新生儿死亡率的关键因素包括战略劳动力规划,财务保护措施和动态领导力.
- 建议采取国家主导的数据驱动方法,以加强国家卫生计划和扩大基本护理.
- 解决出生时和小/生病新生儿的护理质量差距至关重要,以达到所有母亲和婴儿,尤其是最脆弱的婴儿.
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