在小鼠胚胎表皮质细胞中,RLIM对于X染色体失活是不可或缺的
JongDae Shin1, Mary C Wallingford2, Judith Gallant3
1Program in Gene Function and Expression, University of Massachusetts Medical School (UMMS), Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA.
Nature
|May 30, 2014
概括
在雌性小鼠中,随机X染色体失活 (rXCI) 时,无素酶RLIM并不必不可少. 缺乏RLIM的胚胎细胞仍然经历XCI,这表明RLIM独立的机制激活了Xist.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
背景情况:
- 两种形式的X染色体失活 (XCI),印记 (iXCI) 和随机 (rXCI),发生在小鼠胚胎发生过程中.
- 对XCI两种形式来说,XistRNA都至关重要,并且由全域联酶RLIM (Rnf12) 激活.
- 尽管RLIM对iXCI的必要性,但其在rXCI中的作用一直受到争论.
研究的目的:
- 调查RLIM在小鼠胚胎发生过程中的随机X染色体失活 (rXCI) 中的作用.
- 确定是否需要RLIM来激活Xist在经过rXCI的胚胎细胞中.
主要方法:
- 利用小鼠基因,从植入前阶段创造出缺乏RLIM的雌性小鼠.
- 分析了XCI的标志,包括Xist云和H3K27me3焦点的胚胎细胞.
- 评估了缺乏RLIM的细胞的胚胎潜力.
主要成果:
- 在接受rXCI的胚胎细胞中发现RLIM水平下调.
- 缺乏RLIM的雌性小鼠表现出正常的XCI标志,如Xist云和H3K27me3焦点.
- 这些缺乏RLIM的细胞表现出完全的胚胎生成潜力.
结论:
- 在小鼠的随机X染色体失活 (rXCI) 过程中,RLIM是不可用的.
- 一个独立于RLIM的机制在发育中的胚胎中激活Xist.
- 这一发现澄清了在早期发育过程中控制XCI的分子通路.
相关概念视频
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
6.0K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
6.0K
X-Inactivation
38.9K
The human X chromosome contains over ten times the number of genes as in the Y chromosome. Since males have only one X chromosome, and females have two, one might expect females to produce twice as many of the proteins, with undesirable results.
38.9K
X-inactivation
6.4K
6.4K
Epigenetic Regulation
28.7K
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
28.7K
Epigenetic Regulation
3.4K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
3.4K
Dosage Compensation
6.3K
In animals, gender is determined by the number and type of sex chromosome. For example, human females have two X chromosomes, and males have one X and one Y chromosome, whereas C.elegans with one X chromosome is a male, and the one with two X chromosomes is a hermaphrodite.
In addition to sexual development, the X chromosome has genes involved in autosomal functions such as brain development and the immune system. Therefore, males and females with distinct numbers of X chromosomes will...
In addition to sexual development, the X chromosome has genes involved in autosomal functions such as brain development and the immune system. Therefore, males and females with distinct numbers of X chromosomes will...
6.3K


