为平衡入侵物种根除和危物种管理的最佳方法
Adam Lampert1, Alan Hastings2, Edwin D Grosholz2
1University of California, Davis, One Shield Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. alampert@ucdavis.edu.
概括
管理生态系统往往需要平衡相互竞争的目标. 这项研究表明,为了帮助危鸟类,根除入侵性斯巴蒂纳需要恢复本地斯巴蒂纳,需要一种更慢,更长期的方法来成功保护.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 环境管理环境管理
背景情况:
- 生态系统管理经常涉及协调相互矛盾的目标,例如平衡资源开采与生物多样性保护.
- 在看似互补的保护目标之间可能出现冲突,使管理策略复杂化.
- 侵袭性杂交Spartina的根除对依赖其筑巢的临灭绝的鸟类物种构成威胁,在侵袭性物种控制和物种恢复之间产生冲突.
研究的目的:
- 模拟一个场景,在这种场景中,入侵物种的根除与危物种的恢复相冲突.
- 确定最佳管理策略,同时实现入侵物种控制和危物种恢复.
- 研究时间尺度对保护管理策略有效性的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发一个数学模型来模拟入侵斯巴蒂娜,本土斯巴蒂娜和危鸟类种群的动态.
- 分析不同管理目标下的最佳控制策略 (仅根除,仅恢复,组合目标).
- 基于不同治疗强度和时间尺度的管理结果的比较.
主要成果:
- 同时管理侵入性Spartina根除和本地Spartina恢复需要在较长的时间尺度上采用不那么密集的治疗方法.
- 针对综合目标的最佳策略与针对单个目标的最佳策略有很大不同,这有利于快速干预.
- 更慢,分阶段的管理方法更有效地实现两个保护目标同时.
结论:
- 冲突的保护目标需要综合管理方法,考虑生态过程的时间动态.
- 在应对复杂的保护挑战时,管理人员必须采用灵活的支出时间和更长期的前景.
- 同时考虑多个可能相互竞争的保护目标对于有效的生态系统管理和物种恢复至关重要.
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