社会心理学. 社会心理学. 想想一下:解散的头脑的挑战
Timothy D Wilson1, David A Reinhard2, Erin C Westgate2
1Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. tdw@virginia.edu.
概括
大多数人不喜欢与自己的想法独处,更喜欢外部活动,甚至是消极的活动. 研究表明,个人更愿意做一些事情,任何事情,而不是什么,即使它是.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 内省和反省是人类常见的经验.
- 了解人类对外部参与而不是内部思想的偏好至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探讨人类避免与自己的思想独处的倾向.
- 为了比较思考与从事外部活动的乐趣.
主要方法:
- 进行了11项研究,涉及参与者与他们的想法独自度过时间.
- 评估参与者对思考的享受与执行平凡的外部任务.
- 为参与者提供了轻微电击的选择,而不是思考.
主要成果:
- 参与者普遍报告说,他们不喜欢单独思考的时间 (6-15分钟).
- 世俗的外部活动比思考更令人愉快.
- 相当多的参与者更喜欢自行施加电击,而不是与他们的想法独自留下来.
结论:
- 人类表现出对外部参与的强烈偏好,而不是内部的思维过程.
- 负面的外部活动比没有任何活动更受欢迎.
- 这项研究强调了人类动机和对认知惰的厌恶的一个基本方面.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Deindividuation
22.4K
Deindividuation is a form of social influence on an individual’s behavior such that the individual engages in unusual or non-normal behavior while in a group setting. Why? Because in these group settings, the individual no longer sees themselves as an individual anymore, disinhibiting their behavior and personal restraint.
22.4K
Cognitive Dissonance
29.1K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
29.1K
Defining Social Psychology
740
Social psychology investigates how the presence and actions of others influence individual behavior, cognition, and emotion. Examining the social environment's impact provides a scientific framework for understanding how individuals perceive others and are, in turn, influenced by them. This field seeks to uncover the underlying principles guiding social interactions, exploring phenomena such as conformity, obedience, and prosocial behavior.Core Themes in Social PsychologyOne central focus of...
740
Scientific Nature of Social Psychology
763
Social psychology is a scientific discipline dedicated to understanding how individuals think, feel, and behave in social contexts. Unlike common sense, which relies on anecdotal experiences and intuition, social psychology employs systematic research and empirical methods to ensure objectivity and reliability. This distinction is fundamental in distinguishing scientifically supported findings from mere speculation.Four fundamental scientific values guide a structured approach to research in...
763
Cognition and Behavior
483
Social psychology examines the complex interplay between individual mental processes and social interactions. Historically, the field was divided into two domains: social behavior and social cognition. Researchers focusing on social behavior analyzed actions within social contexts, such as conformity, aggression, or cooperation. Meanwhile, social cognition researchers investigated how people perceive, interpret, and mentally represent their social environments. However, modern perspectives no...
483
Self-Discrepancy Theory
17.9K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
17.9K


