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昆虫食鸟类的减少与高度的尼可类药物有关
Caspar A Hallmann1, Ruud P B Foppen2, Chris A M van Turnhout3
11] Radboud University, Institute of Water and Wetland Research, Departments of Experimental Plant Ecology & Animal Ecology and Ecophysiology, PO Box 9100 (Mail Box 31), 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands [2] Sovon, Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, PO Box 6521, 6503 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Nature
|July 18, 2014
概括
尼奥尼科丁类杀虫剂伊米达克洛普里德对食虫鸟类产生负面影响. 在水中含量较高的伊米达克洛普里德与鸟类数量显著下降相关,特别是在引入后.
科学领域:
- 环境毒理学环境毒理学
- 鸟类生态学 鸟类生态学
- 杀虫剂影响评估 杀虫剂影响评估
背景情况:
- 尼奥尼科丁类杀虫剂,如伊米达克洛普里德,在全球广泛使用.
- 无脊椎动物是昆虫食鸟在繁殖季节的重要食物来源.
- 之前的研究表明,新烟类药物会伤害非目标无脊椎动物物种.
研究的目的:
- 调查伊米达克洛普里德对荷兰昆虫食鸟种群的影响.
- 为了确定表面水中的伊米达克洛普里德度是否与鸟类种群趋势相关.
- 评估伊米达克洛普里德引入对鸟类种群的长期影响.
主要方法:
- 在地表水中的伊米达克洛普里德度的空间分析.
- 伊米达克洛普里德水平与当地鸟类种群趋势之间的相关性分析.
- 对影响鸟类种群的土地利用变化进行统计纠正.
主要成果:
- 在伊米达克洛普里德度和鸟类种群趋势之间发现了显著的负相关性.
- 在imidacloprid度>20 ng/L的情况下,鸟类种群每年平均减少3.5%.
- 观察到的人口下降与上世纪90年代中期的伊米达克洛普里德的引入相吻合,并在控制土地使用变化后持续存在.
结论:
- 伊米达克洛普里德对食虫鸟类种群构成重大威胁,超出了直接无脊椎动物毒性的范围.
- 这些发现凸显了新类类药物使用对生态系统的潜在级联影响.
- 未来的环境政策必须考虑新烟类药物的更广泛的生态后果.
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