在视觉皮层神经元中等同激发-抑制比率
Mingshan Xue1, Bassam V Atallah2, Massimo Scanziani3
11] Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0634, USA [2] Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0634, USA [3] Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA, and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Nature
|July 22, 2014
概括
鼠标视觉皮层中的金字塔细胞保持稳定的刺激-抑制 (E/I) 比率. 这种稳定性是通过匹配的抑制来实现的,确保了单个细胞之间的E / I平衡.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 皮层电路中的皮层电路.
- 突触性可塑性 突触性可塑性
背景情况:
- 突触刺激和抑制 (E/I) 的平衡对皮质功能至关重要.
- 个体金字塔细胞随着时间的推移表现出稳定的E/I比率.
- 在金字塔细胞中,E/I比率的空间分布在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究小鼠初级视觉皮层中跨金字塔细胞的E/I比率的分布.
- 为了确定抑制是否均分布或与激发水平单独匹配.
- 阐明介导E/I比率均等化的机制和细胞类型.
主要方法:
- 电生理学记录在老鼠初级视觉皮层的2/3层.
- 对突触连接和活动的分析.
- 皮拉米德细胞活动的干扰,以评估活动依赖性.
主要成果:
- 金字塔细胞的抑制与它们的激发成比例,使细胞之间的E/I比率相等.
- 匹配抑制是由表达帕瓦尔胺的抑制细胞介导的,而不是表达索马托斯塔丁的抑制细胞.
- 突触匹配是一个独立的调整过程,是活动依赖的.
结论:
- 大脑皮层在突触强度上表现出比以前认为的更高程度的空间秩序.
- E / I 比率不仅在时间上稳定,而且在单个金字塔细胞中稳定.
- 帕瓦胺表达性内部神经元在维持在皮质回路中的E/I平衡方面发挥着关键作用.
相关概念视频
01:32The Retina
The retina is a layer of nervous tissue at the back of the eye that transduces light into neural signals. This process, called phototransduction, is carried out by rod and cone photoreceptor cells in the back of the retina.
01:21Sensation
Sensory receptors are specialized neurons that respond to specific types of external stimuli, initiating the process known as sensation. This occurs when sensory input, such as light entering the eye, is detected by these receptors, causing chemical changes in the cells of the retina. These cells then convert the sensory stimulus into action potentials that are transmitted to the central nervous system, a process termed transduction.
Absolute thresholds can quantify the sensitivity of sensory...
Absolute thresholds can quantify the sensitivity of sensory...