跨性别女性性工作者艾滋病毒风险和预防干预措施
Tonia Poteat1, Andrea L Wirtz2, Anita Radix3
1Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 26, 2014
概括
变性女性性工作者 (TSW) 由于独特的脆弱性而面临高艾滋病毒风险. 行为和生物医学干预措施的结合表明,有望减少这一群体的艾滋病毒发病率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 社会和行为科学 社会和行为科学
背景情况:
- 与其他性工作者人口相比,跨性别女性性工作者 (TSW) 在全球范围内经历了不成比例的高艾滋病毒率.
- 独特的结构性,人际关系和个人脆弱性导致TSW中艾滋病毒风险增加.
- 现有的艾滋病毒预防干预措施缺乏特别关注TSW的需求.
研究的目的:
- 审查TSW中艾滋病毒的流行病学研究.
- 模拟各种艾滋病毒预防干预措施对减少TSW艾滋病毒发病率的潜在影响.
- 确定有效的策略,扩大预防服务,并解决TSW中艾滋病毒风险的上游驱动因素.
主要方法:
- 在TSW中对艾滋病毒的流行病学研究的系统审查.
- 开发一个确定性模型来模拟艾滋病毒预防干预措施在利马,秘鲁和旧金山,美国.
- 分析了来自六个国家的案例研究,以了解特定背景的挑战.
主要成果:
- 干预措施的组合,包括适度的行为改变和有限的生物医学干预措施,证明了显著减少艾滋病毒发病率的潜力.
- 根据TSW量身定制的预防服务的扩展可能会非常有效.
- 跨越不同环境的特定背景问题需要定制的干预开发和实施.
结论:
- 可持续的干预措施对于解决HIV风险的上游决定因素和有效达到TSW至关重要.
- 需要一个全面的研究议程来改善TSW的HIV服务和政策.
- 解决TSW的复杂需求需要对艾滋病毒预防和护理采取综合方法.
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