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血液成分中的肝炎E病毒:英格兰东南部的流行率和传播研究
Patricia E Hewitt1, Samreen Ijaz2, Su R Brailsford3
1Transfusion Microbiology, National Health Service Blood and Transplant, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|August 1, 2014
概括
肝炎E病毒 (HEV) 基因型3在英格兰普遍存在,每2848名献血者中有1名为病毒性肝炎. 输血传播不常见,但可以导致免疫抑制个体的持续感染.
科学领域:
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 输血医学 输血医学
背景情况:
- 据怀疑,肝炎E病毒 (HEV) 基因型3在英格兰广泛传播,在聚合的血产品中检测到HEV.
- 之前的研究已追溯确定了HEV感染的捐赠者,但传播频率和结果尚不清楚.
- 英国人口和献血者中HEV基因型3的患病率需要进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 确定英格兰东南部献血中HEV RNA的流行率.
- 为了调查HEV通过血液成分传播的情况.
- 描述接受HEV污染血液成分的人的发病率和结果.
主要方法:
- 从2012年10月到2013年9月,对225,000次献血的HEV RNA进行了回顾性查.
- 使用血清学和基因组系学对HEV阳性捐赠的表征.
- 来自HEV病毒性捐赠的血液成分的接受者的鉴定和跟踪,以确定暴露结果.
主要成果:
- 在2848次捐献中,HEV RNA的流行率为1次,确定了79名病毒性捐献者.
- 大多数病毒性捐赠者是血清阴性;这些捐赠的129个成分中有62个在检测前被输血.
- 在43名接受者中,有18人 (42%) 显示出感染的迹象;免疫抑制影响了血清转换和病毒病持续时间,其中10人患上了持续性感染.
结论:
- 在英国人口和献血者中,HEV基因型3感染很普遍.
- 输血传播的HEV很少引起急性疾病,但可以导致免疫抑制患者的持续感染.
- 建议制定一项政策,用于识别和治疗持久的HEV感染,无论其来源如何,即使捐赠目前没有进行查.
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