哺乳动物育儿的生物学及其对后代社会发展的影响
James K Rilling1, Larry J Young2
1Silvio O. Conte Center for Oxytocin and Social Cognition, Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 16, 2014
概括
由于荷尔蒙和神经的变化,父母的动机在出生后发生了巨大的变化. 雌激素,孕,益生素和催产素等激素与多巴胺一起,驱动哺乳动物的培养行为和结合.
科学领域:
- 神经生物学 神经生物学 神经生物学
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 父母关系在哺乳动物中深刻地改变了父母的行为.
- 从婴儿的刺激厌恶到产后的吸引力发生了转变.
研究的目的:
- 审查哺乳动物转向父母动机背后的生物学机制.
- 探索涉及到家长照顾的神经生物学途径.
主要方法:
- 关于哺乳动物父母行为现有研究的文献综述.
- 对影响父母动机的荷尔蒙和神经机制的分析.
主要成果:
- 雌激素和孕激素是子宫准备和胎盘发育的关键.
- 益生素和催产素调节牛奶的产生和释放,从而开始分娩.
- 这些激素与多巴胺相互作用,激活培养,结合和保护的神经通路.
结论:
- 激素信号传递和神经激活对于确定哺乳动物的父母动机至关重要.
- 育儿经验会影响婴儿社会大脑的发展.
- 父母行为及其影响的原则在各种物种中得到保护,从动物到人类.
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