在住院成年人中持续护理干预和出院后戒烟:一项随机临床试验
Nancy A Rigotti1, Susan Regan2, Douglas E Levy3
1Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston2Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston3Mongan Institute for Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital and Partners He.
JAMA
|August 21, 2014
概括
住院后的干预显著增加了戒烟率. 这种持续的护理方法,包括自动呼叫和免费的药物治疗,证明比长期戒烟的标准护理建议更有效.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 临床干预 临床干预
- 烟草成治疗方法 烟草成治疗方法
背景情况:
- 有效的慢性疾病管理模式对于医疗保健系统至关重要,特别是对于烟草依赖.
- 住院治疗为启动戒烟干预提供了一个关键的窗口.
- 持续的出院后治疗对于医院戒烟计划的长期成功至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 与标准护理相比,评估持续的退院后戒烟干预措施的有效性.
- 确定住院后加强支持是否能提高成年吸烟者戒烟率.
主要方法:
- 一项随机临床试验涉及397名住院的每日吸烟者,他们希望戒烟.
- 干预组接受了自动互动语音响应电话和免费戒烟药物,长达90天.
- 标准护理组接受了出院后药物治疗和咨询的建议;主要结果是6个月后生物化学确认的7天禁烟.
主要成果:
- 持续护理组显示,咨询和药物治疗的利用率更高.
- 经生物化学证实,在6个月后的7天禁烟时间在持续护理组 (26%) 与标准护理组 (15%) (RR, 1.71) 中显著高.
- 自我报告的持续戒断率在6个月后也更高,持续护理 (27%) 与标准护理 (16%) 相比.
结论:
- 一种结合自动呼叫和免费药物的出院后干预措施显著提高了住院吸烟者的戒烟率.
- 这种方法提供了一个有希望的策略,在医院出院后实现持续的禁烟.
- 研究结果表明,可扩展的模型可以改善戒烟计划的长期结果.
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