潘的致命攻击性更能通过适应性策略来解释,而不是人类的影响
Michael L Wilson1, Christophe Boesch2, Barbara Fruth3
11] Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, 395 Humphrey Center, 301 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA [2] Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA.
Nature
|September 19, 2014
概括
雄性黑猩猩经常从事致命的暴力行为,通常是社区间的攻击,支持适应性策略,而不是人类的影响作为这种行为的原因.
科学领域:
- 灵长类动物的行为
- 伦理学 伦理学 伦理学
- 人类学是人类学.
背景情况:
- 黑猩猩 (Pan troglodytes) 和牛 (Pan paniscus) 的同类杀戮是研究的一个重要领域.
- 两种主要假设解释了致命的暴力:适应性策略,以获得健身的好处,或人类影响的非适应性结果.
研究的目的:
- 为了区分适应性和人类影响假设对同种类杀戮.
- 通过使用长期数据,分析黑猩猩和黑猩猩的致命暴力模式.
主要方法:
- 在过去的五十年中,从18只黑猩猩和4个红黑猩猩社区收集了数据.
- 包括观察到的,推断到的和疑似的杀戮 (n=152在黑猩猩中,1在红猩猩中).
- 分析了攻击者/受害者的人口统计数据,攻击类型和比率,与人类影响措施相关联.
主要成果:
- 男性是主要的攻击者 (92%) 和受害者 (73%).
- 大多数杀人事件 (66%) 是社区间的攻击,攻击者与受害者比例很高 (中位数为8:1).
- 杀戮率与人类影响指标没有相关性.
结论:
- 这些发现支持对黑猩猩杀戮的适应性解释,例如资源或伴侣获取.
- 人类影响驱动同类杀戮的假设没有得到数据的支持.
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