一种更快的Rubisco,有可能增加作物中的光合作用
Myat T Lin1, Alessandro Occhialini2, P John Andralojc3
11] Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA [2].
Nature
|September 19, 2014
概括
科学家们用功能性蓝菌Rubisco设计了烟草植物,增强了二氧化碳的固定. 这一突破旨在通过引入二氧化碳度机制的关键组成部分来提高光合作用效率和作物产量.
科学领域:
- 植物生物技术 植物生物技术
- 光合作用研究研究 光合作用研究
- 酶工程是什么? 酶工程是什么?
背景情况:
- D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) 对于二氧化碳同化至关重要,但其氧化酶活性低效,循环速度缓慢.
- 提高Rubisco的效率是提高血管植物光合作用效率的一个关键目标.
- 在植物中引入蓝菌的二氧化碳度机制 (CCM) 可以提高作物产量,但Rubisco的复杂组装阻碍了以前的尝试.
研究的目的:
- 用功能性蓝藻细菌Rubisco来设计跨细胞烟草,以提高光合作用效率.
- 为了研究烟草的叶绿体中的Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 (Se7942) Rubisco的组合和功能.
- 评估这些工程工厂作为未来CCM组件引入平台的潜力.
主要方法:
- 通过淘汰原生Rubisco大亚单元基因,生成了跨细胞体烟草系.
- 插入了 Se7942 Rubisco 大和小子单元基因,以及 RbcX 伴侣蛋白或 CcmM35 蛋白.
- 分析了宏分子复合物的形成,并评估了光合作用能力和二氧化碳固定率.
主要成果:
- 在质体层中成功产生表达功能性Se7942 Rubisco的跨质体烟草线.
- 观察到类似于蓝藻细菌β-碳素体的复合体的形成,其中包括Se7942 Rubisco和CcmM35.
- 证明工程烟草生产线具有光合作用能力,支持自身养生长,并且每单位鲁比斯科表现出更高的二氧化碳固定率.
结论:
- 在烟草中可以实现功能性蓝菌鲁比斯科的转质体表达.
- 改造的鲁比斯科和相关蛋白质形成了功能复合体,提高了二氧化碳固定效率.
- 这些线路是引入完整的菌CCM以提高植物光合作用和作物生产率的关键基础.
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