生物地理和个性形状在人类皮肤元基因组中的功能
Julia Oh1, Allyson L Byrd1, Clay Deming1
1Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Nature
|October 4, 2014
概括
人的皮肤微生物组是由你生活在你的身体 (生物地理) 和你独特的个体特征所塑造的. 这项研究揭示了不同皮肤部位和个体的细菌,真菌和病毒特征.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 人类微生物组研究研究
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 人体皮肤拥有多样化的微生物群落,受微环境因素的影响.
- 以前使用标记基因的研究已经在特定的皮肤中发现了各种细菌和真菌.
- 了解皮肤微生物组的组成和功能对于人类健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 综合分析人类皮肤微生物组的功能和分类构成.
- 研究当地生物地理和宿主个性对微生物社区结构的影响.
- 探索皮肤微生物组内的跨王国 (细菌,真菌,病毒) 相互作用和菌株水平变异.
主要方法:
- 在健康个体中,从各种身体部位的微生物群体的元基因组测序.
- 开发一种关系分析框架,以整合细菌,真菌和病毒数据.
- 无参考分析和创建一个多王国基因目录来表征未培养的微生物.
主要成果:
- 皮肤微生物组的组成在很大程度上是由当地生物地理 (地点特异性) 和宿主个性定义的.
- 关系分析揭示了特定的身体部位和单个宿主不同的微生物特征.
- 发现主导物种内的菌株水平变异是异质的和多种的;在缺乏参考基因组的物种中发现了新的遗传特征.
结论:
- 人体皮肤微生物组表现出双重结构,受到环境位置和宿主特定因素的影响.
- 这项基础工作使未来的研究能够研究王国间的相互作用,代谢功能和人类疾病的菌株追踪.
- 开发的多王国基因目录有助于表征以前未培养的皮肤微生物.
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