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相关概念视频

Clathrin Coated Vesicles01:12

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

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Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
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Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles01:32

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Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
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Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

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After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
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Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane01:26

Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane

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Proteins and neurotransmitters in secretory vesicles can be released from a cell upon vesicle docking, priming, and fusion with the plasma membrane. Vesicles are docked and primed in preparation for the quick exocytosis of their contents in response to a stimulus. The fusion process is mainly carried out by a SNAP Receptor or SNARE complex, consisting of synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25.
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
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Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
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Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis00:58

Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis

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The recycling endosome, also known as the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), is a part of the slow-recycling process of the endocytic pathway. Molecules internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis are either degraded in the lysosomes or are recycled to the plasma membrane through the fast- or slow-recycling route.
The recycling endosome is not a single organelle but an extensively tubulated network of recycling pathways. It functions in storing molecules or transporting them across...
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Measuring Synaptic Vesicle Endocytosis in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons
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克拉特林可以从内分泌体中再生突触囊泡.

Shigeki Watanabe1, Thorsten Trimbuch2, Marcial Camacho-Pérez2

  • 1Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0840, USA.

Nature
|October 9, 2014
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

超快速内细胞酶迅速获取突触囊泡. 克拉特林对于从内分泌体中再生突触囊泡至关重要,而不是用于最初的超快速检索.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

  • 突触囊泡回收对于神经元通信至关重要.
  • 突触囊泡内分细胞的机制和时间仍在争论中.
  • 超快速内细胞酶迅速恢复大型囊泡的融合后.

研究的目的:

  • 为了阐明在超快速内细胞化过程中形成的大内细胞囊泡的命运.
  • 确定克拉特林和阿克丁在突触囊泡循环中的作用.
  • 解决关于克拉在内细胞分裂中的作用的已发表研究中的差异.

主要方法:

  • 利用RNA干扰 (RNAi) 破坏了克拉斯林的功能.
  • 操纵的actin聚合和神经元刺激温度.
  • 随着时间的推移,追踪了内细胞囊泡到突触囊泡的过渡.

主要成果:

  • 大型内细胞囊泡在一秒钟内成熟为突触内体.
  • 内分体在5-6秒内溶解成涂层囊泡,然后是小的突触囊泡.
  • 克拉特林是从内分泌体生成突触囊泡的必要条件,但不是超快速内分泌细胞形成的条件.
  • 超快速内细胞酶取决于actin聚合和生理温度.
  • 当超快速内细胞分裂受损时,克拉特林介导的内细胞分裂作为一种替代的检索途径.

结论:

  • 超快速内细胞化是最初囊泡检索的克拉特林独立途径.
  • 克拉特林依赖性内细胞分裂对于内分泌体中的突触囊泡的后续改造至关重要.
  • 动氨酸聚合和温度是超快速内细胞分裂的关键因素.
  • 这些发现澄清了克拉在不同突触囊泡内分细胞形成途径中的不同作用.