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一个潜伏在神经细胞中的神经原生程序,由老鼠的Notch信号调节

Jens P Magnusson¹, Christian Göritz¹, Jemal Tatarishvili²

¹Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 11, 2014

概括

脑中风激活了小鼠大脑中的星细胞中隐藏的能力,从而产生新的神经元. 阻断Notch信号是这种神经发生的关键,为未来的大脑修复策略提供了潜力.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
细胞生物学细胞生物学
再生医学是一种再生医学.

背景情况:

成年哺乳动物大脑中神经元的替代能力极为有限.
病理状况如中风通常不会诱导显著的神经元再生.

研究的目的:

为了调查中风是否可以在成年老鼠大脑中启动神经发生.
确定调节星细胞介导神经发生的分子机制.

主要方法:

在成年小鼠中引发中风.
在中风后的天体细胞中分析Notch1信号.
在星球细胞中实验性阻断Notch信号.
量化条体中新生成的神经元的数量.

主要成果:

研究人员发现,中风会激活在条状星球细胞中潜伏的神经生成程序.
脑中风后减少的Notch1信号传递对于这种天体细胞神经发生是必要的.
仅阻止Notch信号传输,而没有中风,就诱导了星球细胞的显著神经发生,产生大约850个新神经元.

结论:

成年老鼠大脑中的星细胞具有神经发生的潜能.
诺奇1信号作为一个关键的调节器,抑制这种潜伏的神经原生程序.
准天体细胞中的Notch信号,为脑损伤中神经元替代策略提供了潜在的治疗途径.

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Notch Signaling Pathway

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not...