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相关概念视频

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

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DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
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Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

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The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
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Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

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Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins01:03

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins

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For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

66.1K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes
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在一个单一的四重复循环中连接多个双重复的茎.

Kah Wai Lim1, Thi Quynh Ngoc Nguyen, Anh Tuân Phan

  • 1School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 637371 Singapore.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
概括

研究人员创造了稳定的DNA四重复-双重复杂复合体,具有多个茎. 这一突破为基因组应用提供了新的DNA架构和潜在的新药标.

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 结构生物学 结构生物学
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • DNA可以形成复杂的非正规结构,超出正规的双螺旋.
  • 由G丰富序列组成的四重复结构,越来越多地被认为是它们的生物作用.
  • 了解复杂的DNA组件的形成和特性对于纳米技术和医学至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 报告稳定的DNA四重复-双重复杂复合体的形成.
  • 为了证明在一个单一的四重复循环中结合多重复茎的原理.
  • 探索设计多样化的DNA架构和新的治疗点的潜力.

主要方法:

  • 合成旨在形成四重复-双重复杂物的DNA结构.
  • 核磁共振 (NMR) 谱学用于验证折叠拓和结构完整性.
  • 循环位置和茎数的系统变化,以评估多茎合并原则.

主要成果:

  • 成功形成稳定的DNA四重复-双重复杂复合体.
  • 使用NMR光谱学验证一个双茎四重复-双重复混合结构.
  • 证明多茎合并原理是多用途的,可以扩展到更多的茎和不同的循环位置.

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结论:

  • 通过将多个双茎集成到四环中来构建复杂的DNA架构,已经建立了一个新的原理.
  • 这些多干DNA复合体为DNA纳米技术提供了新的设计策略.
  • 这些发现表明基因组序列的潜在生物相关性,并为开发针对这些复杂动机的药物提供了新的途径.