通过实验诱导的创新,通过野生鸟类的合规性,导致持续的培养
Lucy M Aplin1, Damien R Farine2, Julie Morand-Ferron3
11] Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK [2] Department of Evolution, Ecology and Genetics, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2600, Australia.
Nature
|December 4, 2014
概括
野生巨乳很快就学会了并保持了新的食技术,建立了几代人的传统. 这项研究提供了第一个在野生非灵长类动物中文化一致性的实验证据.
科学领域:
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 社会学习是社会学习.
背景情况:
- 人类的文化规范来自通过网络的社会学习.
- 有限的实验数据存在于动物群体中社会传播行为的传播和持久性.
研究的目的:
- 通过实验证明野生鸟群中食传统的建立和持久性.
- 调查影响新型行为传播的社会因素.
- 提供第一个在野生非灵长类动物中文化一致性的实验证据.
主要方法:
- 引入替代性新型食技术,对复制的野生巨 (Parus major) 亚种群进行食.
- 自动追踪,绘制创新的扩散,建立和持久性.
- 社会网络分析以检查影响传播动态的社会因素.
主要成果:
- 从两只训练有素的鸟类开始,食技术迅速传播,在复制品中平均达到75%的个体.
- 建立了偏向引入技术的当地传统,尽管人口流动很高,但在两代人中保持稳定.
- 展示社会一致性,个人倾向于最常见的本地变体和社会信息而不是个人信息.
结论:
- 社会学习和符合性可以在野生动物群体中建立稳定的文化传统.
- 这些发现表明,复杂的文化行为比以前理解的更广泛的分类学发生.
- 提供了第一个符合野生非灵长类动物和任何野生动物食技术的文化规范的实验证据.
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