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全球保护区的扩张受到预计的土地使用和小区主义的影响
Federico Montesino Pouzols1, Tuuli Toivonen2, Enrico Di Minin3
1Finnish Centre of Excellence in Metapopulation Biology, Department of Biosciences, Biocenter 3, University of Helsinki, PO Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Nature
|December 11, 2014
概括
在全球范围内扩大保护区可以使物种和生态区域的保护增加三倍. 然而,无协调的行动和土地利用变化的风险是无效的结果,在没有国际合作的情况下,到2040年将威胁到1000多种物种.
科学领域:
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 生物多样性科学 生物多样性科学
- 空间规划 空间规划 空间规划
背景情况:
- 全球生物多样性危机是由息地丧失和人为压力所驱动的.
- 爱知生物多样性目标11旨在到2020年实现17%的陆地保护区覆盖率.
- 确定最佳扩张区域对于最大限度地提高保护成果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过扩大保护区网络,评估增加生态区域和脊椎动物物种保护的潜力.
- 鉴定土地利用变化和不协调行动导致保护结果无效的风险.
- 制定一个框架,对保护区网络效率,缺口和扩张进行定量评估.
主要方法:
- 利用了24757种陆地脊椎动物 (国际自然保护联盟红色名单) 和827个陆地生态区域的分布数据.
- 为当前和预计的2040年场景纳入的土地利用模型.
- 应用了新的技术来实现全球和平衡的空间保护优先级.
主要成果:
- 协调全球扩张到17%的受保护土地可以使物种范围和生态区域的平均保护增加三倍.
- 到2040年预计的土地利用变化威胁到目前的保护水平,超过1000种受威胁的物种丧失了50%的范围.
- 国家和全球保护优先事项之间存在显著的效率差距.
结论:
- 迫切需要采取国际行动来平衡土地利用和生物多样性保护,以防止进一步的生物多样性丧失.
- 一个协调的全球保护区网络扩张提供了大量的保护潜力.
- 开发的方法为评估全球,区域和国家级保护区网络性能提供了可重复的框架.
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