一种新的抗生素可以杀死没有可检测的抗药性病原体.
Losee L Ling1, Tanja Schneider2, Aaron J Peoples1
1NovoBiotic Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Nature
|January 7, 2015
概括
从以前未培养的细菌中发现了一种新型抗生素teixobactin,为应对日益严重的抗生素耐药性危机提供了一种新策略. 这种化合物抑制细菌细胞壁的合成,并且在关键病原体中没有观察到抗性突变物.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 抗生素耐药性构成严重的公共卫生威胁,原因是新抗菌化合物的管道不断减少.
- 从可种植的土壤细菌中发现的传统抗生素已经达到极限,需要探索替代来源.
- 未培养的细菌代表着一个巨大的,在很大程度上未开发的储备潜在的新型抗生素.
研究的目的:
- 开发用于培养以前未培养的细菌的新方法.
- 从未培养的细菌群体中发现新的抗生素化合物.
- 描述新发现抗生素的作用机制和耐药性潜力.
主要方法:
- 在现场培养技术的开发和未培养微生物的特定生长因子的识别.
- 从培养的非培养细菌提取物选抗菌活性.
- 生物化学测试以确定已识别的抗生素的分子标和作用机制.
- 使用 Staphylococcus aureus 和 Mycobacterium 结核病等细菌病原体进行耐药性发展研究.
主要成果:
- 使用新的方法成功培育以前未培养的细菌.
- 发现和分离了一种新的抗生素,命名为teixobactin.
- 通过向保存的基因 (脂质II和脂质III),Teixobactin被发现可以抑制细菌细胞壁合成.
- 在测试条件下,在金黄色葡萄球菌或结核菌菌中没有观察到对teixobactin的耐药性.
结论:
- 对未培养细菌的探索是发现新型抗生素的可行和有前途的战略.
- 泰克索巴克独特的作用机制和没有观察到的抗药性表明,它可能是抗微生物武器库的宝贵补充.
- 这些发现为开发新抗生素提供了潜在的途径,这些抗生素可以绕过现有的耐药机制.
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