人类肠道的 Bacteroidetes 可以利用酵母曼南通过一个自私的机制
Fiona Cuskin1,2, Elisabeth C Lowe1, Max J Temple1
1Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
Nature
|January 9, 2015
概括
酵母的α-曼南养了肠道细菌的Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. 这种细菌使用特定的酶分解酵母甘氨酸,影响人类肠道生态.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 人类微生物组研究研究
- 葡萄糖生物学 葡萄糖生物学
背景情况:
- 酵母α-曼南是一种复杂的多糖,存在于酵母细胞壁中.
- 酵母曼南在人类肠道微生物群中的作用在很大程度上仍未被探索.
- Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron是人类肠道中普遍存在的格兰氏阴性细菌.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究人类肠道细菌对酵母α-曼南的利用.
- 为了阐明参与酵母曼南分解的代谢途径,由 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.
- 了解酵母在人类微生物群中的生态影响.
主要方法:
- 对α-曼南降解的生物化学分析.
- 在 Bacteroides 中的向基因干扰 thetaiotaomicron.
- 与肠道细菌进行共同培养实验.
- 微生物物种的基因组比较.微生物物种的基因组比较.
主要成果:
- 酵母的α-曼南作为Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron的营养来源.
- 一个阿尔法-曼南分解模型涉及初始表面裂变和随后的曼诺酸被周等离子酶去聚合.
- B. thetaiotaomicron表现出一种"自私的"对酵母的代谢策略.
- 一个成功的肠道微生物的子集已经进化,以代谢无菌阻碍的酵母甘氨酸.
结论:
- 细菌菌体thetaiotaomicron可以有效地代谢酵母α-mannan.
- 消费酵母糖的能力可能是对酵母在人类饮食中加入的适应.
- 这种微生物适应会影响人类肠道生态系统的动态.
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