的新陈代谢. 通过白和谷氨胺对mTORC1的不同调节
Jenna L Jewell1, Young Chul Kim1, Ryan C Russell1
1Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
概括
特定的氨基酸差异性调节细胞生长途径. 氨酸通过Rag GTPases激活mTORC1通路,而谷氨酸则使用一个不同的机制,涉及真空H(+) - 氨酸三酸酶 (v-ATPase) 和ADP-核糖化因子-1 GTPase.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 分子信号传递是分子信号传递.
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 拉巴胺素 (mTOR) 综合体1 (mTORC1) 的机械性标是细胞生长的中心调节器,集成营养和生长因子信号.
- 据了解,mTORC1的激活主要发生在溶酶体中,依赖于Rag GTPases,Ragulator复合体和真空H(+) - 腺三酸酶 (v-ATPase).
研究的目的:
- 为了研究不同的氨基酸,特别是氨酸和谷氨酸,刺激mTORC1激活的独特机制.
- 阐明参与氨基酸特异性mTORC1调节的信号分子和细胞区.
主要方法:
- 利用RagA和RagB淘汰细胞系来区分Rag GTPase依赖和独立的途径.
- 采用生物化学测试来评估mTORC1转位,激活以及对v-ATPase和Ragulator等特定蛋白质复合物的要求.
- 使用遗传方法确定了新的蛋白质相互作用,包括腺二酸二糖化因子-1 (ARF1) GTPase的作用.
主要成果:
- 氨酸通过一个依赖Rag GTPase的机制刺激mTORC1.
- 谷氨酸通过Rag GTPase独立途径激活mTORC1,需要v-ATPase,但不需要Ragulator复合体.
- 确定ARF1 GTPase对于谷氨酸中介mTORC1激活和溶酶体局部化至关重要.
结论:
- mTORC1的激活由特定的氨基酸不同调节,挑战了单一的普遍激活途径的概念.
- 发现了一种新的mTORC1激活信号级联,独立于Rag GTPases,突出显示了营养感应的复杂性.
- 这些发现为通过不同的氨基酸信号对细胞生长和新陈代谢的复杂调节提供了新的见解.
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