对的期望是跨学科的性别分布的基础
Sarah-Jane Leslie1, Andrei Cimpian2, Meredith Meyer3
1Department of Philosophy, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
概括
由于刻板印象,女性在重视天生的天赋的领域中代表性不足. 这项研究调查了学者,支持学术界性别和种族差异的特定领域能力信念假设.
科学领域:
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 学术研究学术研究
- 高等教育研究 高等教育研究
背景情况:
- 在学术界,特别是STEM领域,性别差异仍然存在.
- 妇女的代表性在各个学科中各不相同,在一些科学领域的比例较高,在人文领域的比例较低.
- 关于天生的天赋的刻板印象可能会导致代表性不足.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究一个假设,强调天生的天赋的领域阻止妇女和非裔美国人.
- 测试特定领域能力信念假设与代表性不足的替代解释.
主要方法:
- 在全国范围内对学者进行了一项调查.
- 收集了关于关于天生的天赋对不同学术领域成功的重要性的信念的数据.
- 分析调查结果以支持或反驳特定领域能力信念假设.
主要成果:
- 调查结果支持了特定领域能力信念假设.
- 那些强调原始,天生的天赋的领域显示,女性和非裔美国人的代表性更低.
- 该假设比竞争理论更好地解释了差异.
结论:
- 关于天生的能力的信念与学术界的性别和种族代表性不足有关.
- 挑战以人才为基础的刻板印象可以改善学术领域的多样性.
- 这些发现对高等教育中的多样性和包容性倡议有影响.
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