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格雷姆林1确定了一种具有骨,软骨和网状肌潜力的骨干细胞
Daniel L Worthley1, Michael Churchill2, Jocelyn T Compton3
1Department of Medicine and Irving Cancer Research Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia; Cancer theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, SA, 5001, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Vic., 3052, Australia.
Cell
|January 17, 2015
概括
研究人员在骨髓中发现了新的骨髓骨质干细胞 (OCR) 干细胞,这些干细胞对于骨的修复和发育至关重要. 这些格雷姆林1表达细胞可以再生骨和软骨,但不能再生脂肪细胞.
科学领域:
- 干细胞生物学 干细胞生物学
- 骨生物学 骨生物学
- 结节组织研究 结节组织研究
背景情况:
- 产后骨的维护和修复依赖于未定义的干细胞.
- 一个拟议的模型涉及到围状介质干细胞 (MSCs),分化为各种骨髓和骨髓细胞类型,缺乏实验验证.
- 骨干干细胞的确切身份和功能仍然是一个重要的知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 确定和描述负责产后骨维护和修复的特定干细胞群.
- 研究格雷姆林1 (Grem1) 表达在定义骨干干细胞中的作用.
- 确定这些已识别的干细胞的分化潜力和解剖位置.
主要方法:
- 利用命运映射实验来追踪骨髓中的细胞系.
- 分析了基因表达模式,特别关注骨形态遗传蛋白 (BMP) 反对者格雷姆林1 (Grem1).
- 研究了骨髓和肠道Grem1表达细胞的分布和自我更新能力.
主要成果:
- 证明格雷姆林1表达定义了骨髓中骨质红细胞干细胞 (OCR) 的独特种群.
- 表明OCR干细胞具有自我更新的能力,并产生骨质母细胞,软质母细胞和网状骨髓 stromal 细胞,不包括脂肪细胞.
- 发现OCR干细胞位于长骨的基因突变中,而不是围状空间,并证实了它们对骨发育,重塑和骨折修复的必要性.
- 在肠网状干细胞 (iRSCs) 中识别了Grem1表达,这是周皮质肠介质细胞膜的起源.
结论:
- 格雷姆林1表达作为结合组织干细胞在骨 (OCR干细胞) 和肠道 (iRSCs) 独特种群的标记.
- OCR干细胞对于骨平衡至关重要,包括发育,正在进行的重塑和对损伤的反应.
- 这项研究完善了我们对干细胞层次的理解,并确定了不同结合组织的特定细胞来源.
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