稳定的黄金(III) 催化剂通过氧化添加碳-碳键
Chung-Yeh Wu1, Takahiro Horibe1, Christian Borch Jacobsen1
1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Nature
|January 23, 2015
概括
研究人员开发了一种新型的黄金 (III) 催化剂,能够在室温下分裂碳-碳键. 这一突破为化学合成中的高价值过渡金属催化开辟了新的途径.
科学领域:
- 有机金属化学 有机金属化学
- 催化剂是一种催化剂.
- 合成化学 合成化学
背景情况:
- 低价值的过渡金属晚期催化对于化学合成至关重要.
- 由于反应性和合成挑战,均的高价值过渡金属催化仍然不发达.
研究的目的:
- 报告一种新的碳-碳键裂变反应,使用金 (I) 复合体.
- 为了产生和表征一个稳定的高价值黄金(III) 阴离子复合体.
- 探索这种新的黄金 (III) 复合物的催化应用.
主要方法:
- 在环境条件下使用金复合物来诱导碳-碳键裂变.
- 描述了由此产生的稳定的黄金 (III) 阴离子复合体.
- 研究了α,β不和化物和不和化物-烯系统的催化激活.
- 进行了X射线结晶学分析,对一种黄金 (III) 激活的甲中间体进行了分析.
主要成果:
- 在环境条件下实现了催化碳-碳键裂变.
- 产生了一个稳定的Au(III) 阴离子复合体,具有硬的,氧性易斯酸性.
- 证明了针对选择性结合物添加的α,β不和化物的催化激活.
- 为 [2+2] 循环添加反应展示了一个不和的化-烯的激活.
- 透露的区域选择性和催化活性源于通过晶体学分析.
结论:
- 开发的Au(III) 复合物与Au(I) 催化剂相比,具有明显的反应性.
- 这项工作提供了从可访问的前体获得高价值过渡金属催化剂的策略.
- 突出了高价值黄金催化在有机合成中的潜力.
更多相关视频
11:02Synthesis and Catalytic Performance of Gold Intercalated in the Walls of Mesoporous Silica
Published on: July 9, 2015
10.7K
06:34Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides CHIPS
Published on: June 20, 2014
14.5K
相关概念视频
01:22Heterogeneous Catalysis
109
Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
109
02:44Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide
13.5K
Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
13.5K
02:17Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
4.0K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
4.0K
02:50Catalysis
32.2K
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
32.2K
02:04Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids
8.1K
Diols are compounds with two hydroxyl groups. In addition to syn dihydroxylation, diols can also be synthesized through the process of anti dihydroxylation. The process involves treating an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid to form an epoxide. Epoxides are highly strained three-membered rings with oxygen and two carbons occupying the corners of an equilateral triangle. This step is followed by ring-opening of the epoxide in the presence of an aqueous acid to give a trans diol.
8.1K
02:47Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation
21.9K
Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
21.9K