海洋污染. 海洋污染. 塑料垃圾从陆地进入海洋
Jenna R Jambeck1, Roland Geyer2, Chris Wilcox3
1College of Engineering, University of Georgia, 412 Driftmier Engineering Center, Athens, GA 30602, USA. jjambeck@uga.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 14, 2015
概括
每年数百万的塑料垃圾从陆地来源进入我们的海洋. 改善废物管理对于防止到2025年海洋塑料污染增加十倍至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 废物管理 废物管理
背景情况:
- 海洋环境中的塑料垃圾是一个已知的问题,但陆地垃圾的具体贡献仍然未得到量化.
- 了解海洋塑料污染的来源对于制定有效的缓解策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了估计陆地塑料垃圾进入海洋的质量.
- 确定影响塑料垃圾进入海洋生态系统的关键因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了关于固体废物产生,人口密度和经济状况的全球数据.
- 将这些数据集联系起来,以估计2010年从192个沿海国家进入海洋的陆基塑料废物的数量.
主要成果:
- 2010年,在192个沿海国家,估计产生了2.75亿公 (MT) 的塑料废物.
- 这种塑料垃圾中的480万至1270万进入了海洋.
- 人口规模和废物管理基础设施质量是国家对海洋塑料垃圾贡献的主要决定因素.
结论:
- 陆地塑料垃圾对海洋环境构成重大威胁.
- 迫切需要改善废物管理基础设施,以制海洋塑料污染日益严重的问题.
- 如果不进行干预,到2025年,进入海洋的陆基塑料废弃物量可能会增加10倍.
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