从基底性质到额叶皮层的直接GABAergic输出
Arpiar Saunders1, Ian A Oldenburg1, Vladimir K Berezovskii1
1Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|March 6, 2015
概括
研究人员发现,从基底性质直接通往基底性质.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 神经生物学 神经生物学 神经生物学
背景情况:
- 基底腺节对于运动控制和奖励学习至关重要.
- 现有的模型表明,大脑皮层通过thalamic通路的间接调节.
- 来自条状投射神经元 (dSPN和iSPN) 的直接和间接途径控制基底 output.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究一个以前未被描述的直接投射从外球 (GP) 到额叶皮层 (FC).
- 描述参与GP-FC投影的细胞类型和神经递质系统.
- 阐明这种途径在调节前额皮质活动中的作用.
主要方法:
- 电生理学记录以区分GP-FC投射神经元类型.
- 胆乙转移酶 (ChAT) 表达式分析.
- 在体内研究以评估额叶皮层激活和神经递质释放.
- 在途径调制中对多巴胺D2受体信号的研究.
主要成果:
- 确定了从外球 (GP) 到额叶皮层 (FC) 的直接投射.
- 在GP-FC投影中,有两种不同的细胞类型的特征,两种都释放GABA.
- ChAT(+) 细胞也会释放乙胆,这表明它具有双重的神经递质作用.
- 这种GP-FC通路由条状dSPN和iSPN直接控制,并激活额叶皮层.
- 狭性iSPN抑制GP-FC细胞是由多巴胺D2受体信号调节的.
结论:
- 该GP-FC投影代表一个直接的,条纹体控制的途径影响额叶皮质.
- 这一途径利用GABAergic和胆固醇信号传递.
- 多巴胺受体信号提供了一种机制,通过基底来调节前皮层活动,这与神经精神疾病有关.
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