热带降雨量的增加是由有组织的深度对流频率的变化驱动的
Jackson Tan1, Christian Jakob1, William B Rossow2
1ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
Nature
|March 27, 2015
概括
全球变暖加剧了水文循环,导致热带降雨量增加. 有组织的深度对流频率变化是这些观测到的降雨模式的主要驱动因素.
科学领域:
- 大气科学 大气科学
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 气象学 天气学
背景情况:
- 由于气候变暖和水文循环的加强,全球降水量正在增加.
- 观察到的降雨变化显示出"湿变湿"和"温暖变湿"的模式,主要是在热带地区.
- 驱动这些热带降水变化的物理机制,特别是它们与对流的联系,仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查热带降水观测变化的背后的物理过程.
- 确定不同对流系统在驱动降雨模式中的作用.
- 确定改善降雨预测气候模型准确性的关键因素.
主要方法:
- 对热带降雨和对流的观测数据的分析.
- 评估各种对流模式对降水变化的贡献.
- 组织深层对流频率的变化与观测到的降雨模式之间的相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 大多数地区热带降雨增加与有组织深层对流频率的变化有关.
- 有组织的深层对流频率变化的空间模式与观察到的降雨变化有很强的相关性 (相关性为0.69).
- 较少有组织的对流或有组织的对流内降水的变化对整体降雨模式的变化贡献较少.
结论:
- 有组织的深层对流被认为是热带降雨变化和大气动态之间的关键联系.
- 了解有组织的深层对流对于更好地了解降雨变异性至关重要.
- 未来的气候模型开发必须区分对流组织,以准确预测降雨量.
相关概念视频
Precipitation Processes
6.6K
The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
6.6K
Precipitation and Co-precipitation
5.8K
Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
5.8K
What is Weather?
20.7K
Overview
20.7K
Global Climate Change
29.9K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
29.9K
What is Climate?
21.6K
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
21.6K
Precipitation Gravimetry
16.2K
Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
16.2K


