排除T细胞,免疫特权和瘤微环境
Johanna A Joyce1, Douglas T Fearon2
1Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. joycej@mskcc.org dfearon@cshl.edu.
概括
瘤微环境可以保护癌细胞免受T细胞的影响,阻碍有效的免疫疗法. 流体细胞可能会排除T细胞,从而产生免疫特权. 克服这一障碍是成功治疗癌症的关键.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 癌症生物学 癌症生物学
背景情况:
- 有效的癌症免疫疗法依赖于细胞毒性T细胞识别和杀死瘤细胞.
- 成功的免疫疗法需要产生癌症特异性T细胞和它们与癌细胞的物理相互作用.
- 瘤可以表现出免疫特权,保护自己免受免疫攻击,尽管存在T细胞.
研究的目的:
- 审查关于瘤微环境如何限制T细胞进入癌细胞的证据.
- 探索体细胞在调解瘤免疫特权中的作用.
- 确定T细胞排斥作为一个潜在的检查点,以克服增强免疫治疗.
主要方法:
- 对研究瘤-T细胞相互作用的文献综述.
- 对人类瘤中免疫特权的证据分析.
- 检查瘤微环境组件的作用,特别是树皮细胞.
主要成果:
- 瘤微环境中的流体细胞参与了T细胞与癌细胞的排除.
- 这种排除机制有助于瘤的免疫特权.
- T细胞和癌细胞的物理接近是免疫疗法的关键,但往往受到限制的步骤.
结论:
- 瘤免疫特权,由树皮细胞介导,限制T细胞的透和功能.
- 克服这种T细胞排斥检查点对于优化癌症免疫治疗至关重要.
- 向树皮细胞相互作用可能是增强抗癌免疫力的新策略.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
The Tumor Microenvironment
8.2K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
8.2K
The Tumor Microenvironment
3.2K
3.2K
Tumor Immunotherapy
2.5K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
2.5K
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
17.9K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
17.9K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
88.0K
Overview
88.0K
T Cell Types and Functions
3.5K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
3.5K


