弦状体起源的Deuterostome背景是什么意思
Christopher J Lowe1, D Nathaniel Clarke1, Daniel M Medeiros2
1Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, 120 Oceanview Boulevard, Pacific Grove, California 93950, USA.
Nature
|April 24, 2015
概括
对二极管体的比较研究揭示了共同的发育模式,为带动物和脊椎动物的早期进化提供了洞察力. 这些发现突出了身体轴形成背后的保存遗传机制.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 脊椎动物的起源是通过对带状动物,半带状动物和皮动物 (双体) 的比较分析来研究的.
- 从历史上看,显著的车身设计差异掩盖了祖先的特征.
- 最近分子遗传学和胚胎学的进展为我们提供了新的视角.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定Deuterostome clade中祖先的形态和发育特征.
- 为了理解体轴形成和组织在deuterostomes的深层相似之处.
- 为了提供一个基础,以理解和弦体的出现.
主要方法:
- 比较形态学的比较形态学
- 胚胎学 胚胎学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 分子遗传学 分子遗传学
主要成果:
- 在早期发育过程中,在deuterostomes中发现了身体轴形成和组织的深刻相似之处.
- 喉裂被证实是共享的deuterostome特征.
- 发育遗传特征为了解带动物起源提供了基础.
结论:
- 保存的发育遗传机制是理解deuterostome进化的关键.
- 在早期发育过程中,共同的特征弥合了不一致的双胞胎体外计划之间的差距.
- 这项研究为带动物的进化出现提供了基础.
更多相关视频
09:31Expression of Fluorescent Proteins in Branchiostoma lanceolatum by mRNA Injection into Unfertilized Oocytes
Published on: January 12, 2015
11.6K
07:34The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions
Published on: February 16, 2017
8.5K
相关概念视频
01:56Gastrulation
69.6K
Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...
69.6K
01:30Neurulation
47.7K
Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
47.7K
01:24Eukaryotic Evolution
43.9K
The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
43.9K
01:23Phylogeny
64.8K
Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
64.8K
01:15Development of the Lymphatic System
2.8K
The development of lymphatic tissues and vessels in embryonic life begins around the fifth week. These structures originate from the mesoderm layer, with lymph sacs emerging from developing veins.
The first lymph sacs to form are the paired jugular lymph sacs located at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. From these sacs, lymphatic capillary plexuses extend to the thorax, upper limbs, neck, and head, eventually forming lymphatic vessels. Each jugular lymph sac maintains a...
The first lymph sacs to form are the paired jugular lymph sacs located at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. From these sacs, lymphatic capillary plexuses extend to the thorax, upper limbs, neck, and head, eventually forming lymphatic vessels. Each jugular lymph sac maintains a...
2.8K
01:54Convergent Evolution
34.7K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
34.7K