在人类遗传疾病中广泛存在的宏分子相互作用扰乱
Nidhi Sahni1, Song Yi1, Mikko Taipale2
1Genomic Analysis of Network Perturbations Center of Excellence in Genomic Science (CEGS), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB) and Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cell
|April 25, 2015
概括
大多数疾病突变不会破坏蛋白质折叠,而是改变特定的蛋白质相互作用或DNA结合. 这些有针对性的变化,而不是广泛的损害,通常会导致不同的疾病表型.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 系统生物学 系统生物学
背景情况:
- 了解基因突变如何导致疾病至关重要,但大多数疾病相关变异的功能影响仍然未知.
- 超过10万种与疾病相关的变体缺乏功能性特征,阻碍了我们对疾病机制的理解.
- 现有的知识仅限于少数经过充分研究的等位基因,对于大多数变体而言,功能信息存在重大差距.
研究的目的:
- 为了功能性地描述与孟德尔疾病相关的成千上万个误解突变.
- 研究这些突变如何影响生物网络中的蛋白质活动.
- 要区分破坏蛋白质折叠/稳定性的突变与改变特定相互作用的突变.
主要方法:
- 利用各种相互作用测试来功能性地分析成千上万种误解突变.
- 评估伴侣蛋白结合,以评估蛋白质折叠和稳定性.
- 检查了与疾病相关的等位基因的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用和DNA结合活性.
主要成果:
- 大多数与疾病相关的等位基因表现出正常的伴侣蛋白结合,这表明蛋白质的折叠或稳定性得到保存.
- 三分之二的与疾病相关的等位基因扰乱了蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用,其中一半是"边缘性" (影响相互作用的子集).
- 转录因子的突变经常影响DNA结合,即使蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用完好无损;同一基因的不同突变产生了不同的相互作用概况和疾病表型.
结论:
- 与疾病相关的等位基因经常会损害特定的蛋白质活动,例如蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用或DNA结合,而不是广泛影响蛋白质折叠或稳定性.
- "边缘性"等位基因的概念,这些等位基因微妙地改变相互作用网络,在与疾病相关的变异中很普遍.
- 了解这些特定的功能干扰是解读疾病机制和潜在开发向治疗的关键.
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