发展经济学.发展经济学. 一个多方面的计划为最贫穷的人带来了持久的进步:来自六个国家的证据
Abhijit Banerjee1, Esther Duflo1, Nathanael Goldberg2
1Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA. Center for Economic and Policy Research (CEPR), Washington, DC, USA. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), Cambridge, MA, USA. Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-PAL), MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
概括
这项研究表明,综合方法,结合资产,培训和支持,显著改善了极贫困人口的经济地位和福祉. 这些对生计的积极影响是可持续的和持久的,即使在干预结束后.
科学领域:
- 发展经济学 发展经济学
- 减轻贫困的战略 减轻贫困的战略
- 社会干预研究 社会干预研究
背景情况:
- 极端贫困的持续挑战需要创新和有效的干预措施.
- 结合经济和社会支持的综合方法可能提供脱贫的途径.
- 了解此类计划的长期影响对于政策和实践至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估为极贫困群体提供综合生计改善计划的成本效益和影响.
- 评估干预后经济和心理社会改善的可持续性.
- 为了确定多元组件干预在不同环境中的有效性.
主要方法:
- 为了评估该计划的影响,进行了六项随机对照试验 (RCT).
- 干预包括生产资产转让,消费支持,培训,指导,鼓励储蓄和健康教育/服务.
- 项目实施适应了多个合作伙伴的各种地理和机构设置.
主要成果:
- 家庭消费的统计学意义和成本效益有所改善,主要是由于自雇收入的增加.
- 记录了对目标家庭心理社会地位的积极影响.
- 在计划结束后,对生计的有益影响至少持续了一年.
结论:
- 综合的多元干预措施可以有效和可持续地改善极贫困人口的经济地位.
- 相对短期的干预可以为贫困家庭带来持久的积极成果.
- 这些发现支持了这种减少贫困的综合方法的可扩展性和适应性.
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