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Microtubule Instability02:17

Microtubule Instability

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Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated...
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Microtubule Instability02:17

Microtubule Instability

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Microtubules01:18

Microtubules

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Microtubules are the thickest cytoskeletal filaments with a diameter of 25 nm. In prokaryotic organisms, microtubules are commonly found in locomotory appendages like cilia and flagella. In eukaryotic cells, microtubules form specialized extensions for moving fluid over the surface, like those found in cells lining the intestine.
Microtubules have two structurally similar globular protein subunits: α and β tubulins. In the cytosol, the α and β tubulins form a heterodimer....
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Microtubules01:35

Microtubules

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There are three types of cytoskeletal structures in eukaryotic cells—microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the thickest of these fibers. Microtubules carry out a variety of functions that include cell structure and support, transport of organelles, cell motility (movement), and the separation of chromosomes during cell division.
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Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules01:15

Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules

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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
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Microtubule Formation01:23

Microtubule Formation

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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo continuous assembly and disassembly. They originate from specialized multi-protein complexes known as microtubule organizing centers or MTOCs. Within the MTOC, the point of origin of the microtubule is known as the minus end, while the end radiating outward is the plus end. Microtubules serve two primary functions — the organization of spindle complexes to separate sister chromatids during mitotic or meiotic cell division and the formation...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Purification of Tubulin with Controlled Posttranslational Modifications and Isotypes from Limited Sources by Polymerization-Depolymerization Cycles
07:54

Purification of Tubulin with Controlled Posttranslational Modifications and Isotypes from Limited Sources by Polymerization-Depolymerization Cycles

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破译了管的代码.

Stefan Raunser1, Christos Gatsogiannis1

  • 1Department of Structural Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.

Cell
|May 23, 2015
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

研究人员揭示了氨酸铁酸酶类 (TTLL) 酶的结构,这些酶对于修改微管细胞至关重要. 这为这些酶如何与微管相互作用以调节细胞功能提供了新的见解.

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Purification of Tubulin with Controlled Posttranslational Modifications and Isotypes from Limited Sources by Polymerization-Depolymerization Cycles
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Extracting Modified Microtubules from Mammalian Cells to Study Microtubule-Protein Complexes by Cryo-Electron Microscopy
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Author Spotlight: Purifying High-Quality Tubulin to Study Protein Dynamics and Therapeutic Applications
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科学领域:

  • 生物化学 生物化学
  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 结构生物学 结构生物学

背景情况:

  • 微管是细胞骨的重要组成部分,参与各种细胞过程.
  • 翻译后的修改,如谷氨基化,调节微管子的功能.
  • 轮氨酸酶类 (TTLL) 酶家族催化了微管球的谷氨基化.

研究的目的:

  • 为了确定TTLL酶活性的结构基础.
  • 阐明TTLL酶与微管相互作用的机制.
  • 了解谷氨基基酶如何标记微小管,用于特定的蛋白质相互作用.

主要方法:

  • 使用X射线结晶学来获得TTLL蛋白质的结构.
  • 使用冷电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 可视化了TTLL-微管复合体.
  • 进行生物化学测试以评估酶活性和基质结合.

主要成果:

  • 确定了TTLL酶的第一个原子结构.
  • 与微管复合的TTLL酶的结构揭示了关键的相互作用接口.
  • 这项研究阐明了TTLL介导的谷氨基胺酶的催化机制.

结论:

  • 这些结构和机制的洞察力使我们更好地了解了微管调节的原理.
  • 这项工作为进一步研究TTLL及其在健康和疾病中的作用提供了基础.
  • 这些发现为开发针对微管子动态的新型治疗策略开辟了道路.