季节性流感病毒的全球循环模式因抗原漂移而有所不同
Trevor Bedford1, Steven Riley2, Ian G Barr3
1Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
Nature
|June 9, 2015
概括
人类季节性流感病毒的循环因亚型而异. 与A/H3N2不同,流感A/H1N1和B病毒表现出更长的持久性和复杂的全球传播,受年龄和旅行模式的影响.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 了解季节性流感病毒出现和传播的时空动态对于公共卫生至关重要.
- 流感A/H3N2的全球循环模式已知,但A/H1N1和B病毒的全球循环模式仍未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 研究和比较不同的人类季节性流感病毒亚型 (A/H1N1,B/Victoria,B/Yamagata) 与A/H3N2.2的全球循环模式.
- 为了确定驱动病毒传播和进化观察到的差异的因素.
主要方法:
- 分析了2000年至2012年间全球收集的人类季节性流感病毒的9604个血凝素序列.
- 基因变异的持久性和传播模式在不同流感亚型之间的比较.
- 利用详细的流行病模型来探索循环差异的驱动因素.
主要成果:
- 与A/H3N2相比,A/H1N1和B型流感病毒呈现出不同的全球循环模式,在不同季节中具有更大的局部持久性.
- 东亚和东南亚在传播新的A/H1N1和B变种方面发挥了有限的作用,与A/H3N2不同.
- 较慢的抗原进化,较低的感染年龄,以及较少的,较小的流行病与A/H1N1和B病毒循环有关.
结论:
- 循环模式的差异与病毒演变,流行病学和人类行为有关,特别是感染年龄和旅行习惯.
- 儿童的旅行模式和感染年龄显著影响流感A/H1N1和B病毒的全球传播动态.
- 这些发现强调了病毒特征,宿主因素和人类行为之间的复杂相互作用在塑造流感流行病中的作用.
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