肯尼威克人的祖先和隶属关系
Morten Rasmussen1,2, Martin Sikora1, Anders Albrechtsen3
1Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
Nature
|June 19, 2015
概括
基因分析显示,肯尼威克人与现代美洲原住民最密切相关,而不是环太平洋群体. 这种古老的个体在过去的8000年里,与北美土著人保持了基因连续性.
科学领域:
- 古遗传学是古遗传学的一部分.
- 人类学是人类学.
- 考古遗传学 考古遗传学
背景情况:
- 肯尼威克人 (Kennewick Man) 是一个古老的骨,可以追溯到8,3409,200年前,一直是关于其人口亲属关系的科学和法律辩论的核心.
- 最初的形态学研究表明肯尼威克人不是美国原住民,影响了根据美国原住民坟墓保护和遣返法 (NAGPRA) 对遣返的法律决定.
- 随后的头骨测量分析表明,与艾努和波利尼西亚人等环太平洋人群的关系比与现代美洲原住民更密切.
研究的目的:
- 通过先进的基因组测序来解决肯尼威克人的祖先和人口关系.
- 将肯尼威克人的基因组与全球基因组数据进行比较,包括美洲原住民和环太平洋群体.
主要方法:
- 肯尼威克人的全基因组测序约为1x覆盖范围.
- 对全球多样化人口进行比较基因组分析,重点关注美洲原住民和环太平洋群体.
- 根据遗传发现重新评估头骨形态分析.
主要成果:
- 基因组分析表明,肯尼威克人与现代美洲原住民的关系最密切,而不是与其他全球人口相比.
- 包括科尔维尔在内的几个美洲原住民群体与与肯尼威克人密切相关的人群有共同的祖先.
- 仅仅对头骨形态学的分析不足以确定肯尼威克人与特定的当代群体的联系.
结论:
- 遗传证据确立了肯尼威克人与北美原住民之间的明显连续性,至少跨越了过去八千年.
- 这项研究驳斥了基于形态学的早期说法,强调了古遗传学在解决古代人类祖先方面的力量.
- 肯尼威克人的遗传特征支持美国土著人口中深厚的祖先联系.
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