学校对饮食障碍发展的影响:记录联系研究
Helen Bould1, Bianca DeStavola2, Cecilia Magnusson3
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|August 28, 2015
概括
学校环境对青少年女孩的饮食失调率有很大影响. 高受教育父母的女孩和学生比例较高与发病率的增加有关,这突显了学校环境的作用.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 流行病学
- 青少年的健康
背景情况:
- 饮食障碍 (ED) 的发病率被怀疑在学校之间有所不同,但之前的研究缺乏.
- 这项研究调查了斯德哥尔摩不同高中16至20岁女孩的性障碍率.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定饮食障碍的发病率是否在各个学校有所不同.
- 测试学校的特点是否与饮食障碍率有关, 控制学生个体因素.
主要方法:
- 一项多层次的纵向研究利用了斯德哥尔摩55824名女孩的记录链接数据 (2001-2010).
- 通过ICD/DSM代码或专家诊所预约确定了饮食障碍.
- 多层次建模区分了个人和学校层面对饮食障碍发病率的影响.
主要成果:
- 在考虑个人因素后,饮食障碍发病率在学校之间有4.4%的差异.
- 在女孩比例较高的学校, 饮食障碍的发生率增加 (或每10%增加1.07).
- 有高中教育的父母比例与饮食障碍的可能性增加有关 (或每10%增加1.14).
结论:
- 学校环境的特点与饮食障碍的发病率增加有关.
- 在有更多女学生和来自受过高等教育家庭的学生中,发病率更高.
- 这是第一个探索学校饮食失调率差异的研究,
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