帕金森病中无动于衷的机制
Kinan Muhammed1, Sanjay Manohar1, Masud Husain1
1Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|August 28, 2015
概括
客观测量显示, 停药的帕金森病患者失去奖励敏感性, 多巴胺药物可以通过增强这种敏感性来改善冷漠.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 行为科学
背景情况:
- 在帕金森病 (PD) 中,冷漠是普遍存在的,影响到70%的患者.
- 缺乏客观的检测方法.
- 这项研究调查了PD无动于衷患者的动机和奖励敏感性的新型客观测量.
研究的目的:
- 作为对帕金森病的动机的客观指标,使用动速度和瞳孔调节.
- 为了比较帕金森病患者在服用多巴胺激素药物和不服用多巴胺激素药物的奖励敏感性.
- 评估奖励敏感性和冷漠程度之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 招募了20名帕金森病患者和21名健康人群.
- 在以奖励为基础的任务中使用红外眼球追踪器监测眼动 (速度) 和瞳孔直径.
- 使用里尔厌倦症评分表 (LARS) 评估厌倦症,并测试服用多巴胺类药物的患者.
主要成果:
- 健康对照组和接受药物治疗的PD患者表现出较高的回报速度,而未接受药物治疗的PD患者则失去了这种回报速度.
- 在所有组中,瞳孔扩张随着奖励大小的增加而增加,在接受药物治疗的患者和未接受药物治疗的患者中,瞳孔奖励灵敏度的趋势更大.
- 与无情的患者相比,无情的PD患者 (低动机) 呈现出明显较低的奖励灵敏度.
结论:
- 阴影速度和瞳孔直径的变化反映了奖励大小和个人动机水平.
- 这些客观措施为研究帕金森病等神经疾病的动机缺陷提供了一种新的方法.
- 多巴胺药物可以通过增强奖励灵敏度来治疗冷漠,这可能独立于运动控制.
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