学术制裁. 学术制裁. 目标是南非科学
1School of Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland.
JAMA
|September 15, 1989
概括
学术制裁,拒绝出于政治原因进行学术交流,给医学科学带来了重大挑战,特别是在南非. 本分析探讨了全球性问题,为知情决策提供了平衡的视角.
科学领域:
- 医学科学 医学科学 医学科学
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
- 伦理学 伦理学 伦理学
背景情况:
- 学术制裁,定义为学术交流的政治拒绝,提出了伦理和实际的挑战.
- 这种限制在全球范围内存在,包括西欧,美国,苏联,中国和日本.
- 重点是南非科学中的影响.
研究的目的:
- 探索医学科学中围绕学术认可的多方面的问题.
- 为了提供一个平衡的论点赞成和反对学术制裁的概述.
- 强调在实施这些措施时需要做出明智的判断.
主要方法:
- 审查现有的文献和学术制裁的案例.
- 对科学家的歧视性限制背后的政治动机的分析.
- 检查伦理和道德方面的考虑.
主要成果:
- 学术制裁是一个有记录的全球现象,有各种各样的例子.
- 存在支持和反对学术制裁的论点.
- 这种做法给科学进步带来了重大的实际和道德困境.
结论:
- 学术制裁对医学科学的公开追求提出了复杂的挑战.
- 关于学术制裁的决定需要仔细考虑事实知识,道德价值观和伦理原则.
- 建议采取细微的方法,优先考虑知情判断和同情心.
相关概念视频
01:56Ethics in Research
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03:20The Stanford Prison Experiment
The famous and controversial Stanford Prison Experiment, conducted by social psychologist Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues at Stanford University, demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and scripts.
02:20Milgram's Obedience to Authority
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