病毒和细胞基因组激活不同的DNA损伤反应
Govind A Shah1, Clodagh C O'Shea1
1Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037-1002, USA.
Cell
|August 29, 2015
概括
MRE11/RAD50/NBS1-ATM通路通过阻止病毒DNA复制来防御腺病毒. 这种局部反应与全球DNA损伤反应不同,可以防止病毒扩散而不会伤害细胞.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学
- 病毒学
- 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 (MRN) 综合体和ATM激酶对于细胞DNA损伤反应 (DDR) 对于基因组断裂至关重要,阻止复制.
- 病毒已经进化了逃避宿主细胞防御的机制,包括DDR通路.
研究的目的:
- 研究MRN-ATM途径在防御DNA病毒感染,特别是腺病毒中的作用.
- 阐明MRN-ATM对病毒基因组与染色体断裂的不同机制.
主要方法:
- 研究了MRN-ATM与腺病毒基因组的相互作用.
- 分析了病毒瘤蛋白 (E1B-55K/E4-ORF3) 对MRN-ATM信号的影响.
- 在DDR期间评估H2AX在自我和非自我基因组之间的区别中的作用.
主要成果:
- MRN 与腺病毒基因组结合,启动局部ATM反应,抑制病毒DNA复制.
- 腺病毒基蛋白E1B-55K/E4-ORF3使MRN-ATM DDR失活,从而使病毒复制.
- 一个独立的,独立于MRN的ATM DDR针对病毒核域,但不会阻碍病毒复制.
- H2AX焦点形成将病毒与染色体DNA区分开来,决定局部抗病毒或全球DDR.
结论:
- 该MRN-ATM途径提供了对腺病毒DNA复制的关键,局部防御.
- 在成功感染腺病毒的过程中,禁用MRN-ATM的病毒策略至关重要.
- 病毒基因组的H2AX介导区分允许针对性的抗病毒反应,保持细胞活力.
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