一个双性质的下丘脑电路控制着母亲的护理和催产素分泌
Niv Scott1, Matthias Prigge1, Ofer Yizhar1
1Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel.
Nature
|September 17, 2015
概括
性别差异与特定的脑电路有关. 在前腹周细胞核 (AVPV) 中表达氨酸酶 (TH) 的神经元以性别特定的方式控制母亲的行为和攻击性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 行为内分泌学
- 社会行为的神经生物学
背景情况:
- 行为上的性别差异通常被认为源于神经电路二态,但直接证据很少.
- 父母的照顾是一种复杂的行为, 在小鼠等物种中观察到的性别差异很大.
- 处女雌性通常表现出对幼的母性行为,而雄性可能会攻击或忽视它们.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究氨酸氧酶 (TH) 表达神经元在下丘脑的前侧周周核 (AVPV) 在性别特定的父母行为中的作用.
- 确定AVPV TH(+) 神经元中的性二态是否会对父母的照顾和相关行为产生因果影响.
- 探索AVPV TH(+) 神经元,催产素分泌和性别行为差异之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 在AVPV中对TH表达神经元数量的对比分析,母体,处女雌性和雄性.
- 切除AVPV TH(+) 神经元以评估对母体行为的影响.
- 在两种性别的AVPVTH(+) 神经元中对TH表达的光遗传刺激和操纵.
- 在操纵AVPV TH(+) 神经元后测量循环中的催产素水平.
- 从AVPV TH(+) 神经元到副腹细胞核中的催产素神经元的神经突出的研究.
主要成果:
- 与处女女性和男性相比,母亲的神经元数量更多.
- 切除AVPV TH(+) 神经元会损害女性的孕产妇行为;刺激会增强这种行为.
- 在男性中,AVPV TH(+) 神经元没有影响父母的照顾,但抑制了男性之间的侵略.
- 在女性中,AVPV TH(+) 神经元的激活会增加催产素水平,而切除则会降低水平.
- AVPV TH(+) 神经元与副静脉核中的催产素神经元形成直接的突触连接.
结论:
- 在调节孕妇护理和催产素分泌方面,AVPV TH(+) 神经元起着关键的,性别特异性的作用.
- 这项研究提供了因果关系证据,将成年大脑电路中的性二态与父母行为的性别差异联系起来.
- 这些发现揭示了一种新的神经机制,
更多相关视频
07:30Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents
Published on: June 10, 2013
25.8K
09:12Assessing Cellular Stress and Inflammation in Discrete Oxytocin-secreting Brain Nuclei in the Neonatal Rat Before and After First Colostrum Feeding
Published on: November 14, 2018
8.4K
相关概念视频
Neurotransmitters
3.9K
Neurotransmitters are essential chemical messengers within the nervous system, facilitating the communication between neurons. These chemical messengers, varying in function and effect, are critical for sustaining various aspects of neurological health and emotional well-being.
3.9K
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle
7.6K
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
7.6K
Diencephalon: Hypothalamus and Coordination
5.2K
The hypothalamus is a small yet highly complex and essential brain region that plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions. Anatomically, it is located at the base of the brain, just above the brainstem and below the thalamus, forming part of the limbic system.
The hypothalamus interacts with other brain regions, including the pituitary gland, through a direct physical connection called the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The hypothalamus receives somatic and visceral inputs and...
The hypothalamus interacts with other brain regions, including the pituitary gland, through a direct physical connection called the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The hypothalamus receives somatic and visceral inputs and...
5.2K
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle
2.3K
The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
2.3K
Parental Care
13.0K
Many animals exhibit parental care behavior, including feeding, grooming, and protecting young offspring. Parental care is universal in mammals and birds, which often have young that are born relatively helpless. Several species of insects and fish, as well as some amphibians, also care for their young.
13.0K
Regulation of Hormone Secretion
7.7K
Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
Humoral...
Humoral...
7.7K
