孟德尔,机制,模型,营销等
1Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Cell
|September 26, 2015
概括
今年是格雷戈尔·门德尔 (Gregor Mendel) 提出突破性的植物杂交研究150周年. 我们反思科学过程以及新发现如何被感知.
科学领域:
- 遗传学与植物科学
- 科学史
背景情况:
- 纪念格雷戈尔·门德尔关于植物杂交的重要研究150周年.
- 审查孟德尔发现的历史背景和科学影响.
相关概念视频
01:39Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
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In 1866, Gregor Mendel published the results of his pea plant breeding experiments, providing evidence for predictable patterns in the inheritance of physical characteristics. The significance of his findings was not immediately recognized. In fact, the existence of genes was unknown at the time. Mendel referred to hereditary units as “factors.”
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01:49Law of Segregation
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When crossing pea plants, Mendel noticed that one of the parental traits would sometimes disappear in the first generation of offspring, called the F1 generation, and could reappear in the next generation (F2). He concluded that one of the traits must be dominant over the other, thereby causing masking of one trait in the F1 generation. When he crossed the F1 plants, he found that 75% of the offspring in the F2 generation had the dominant phenotype, while 25% had the recessive phenotype.
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02:03Law of Independent Assortment
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While Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that the two alleles for one gene are separated into different gametes, a different question of how different genes are inherited remains. For example, is the gene for tall plants inherited with the gene for green peas? Mendel asked this question by experimenting with a dihybrid cross; a cross in which both parents are homozygous for two distinct traits resulting in an F1 generation that are heterozygous for both traits.
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02:03Law of Independent Assortment
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01:20Monohybrid Crosses
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Overview
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01:18Dihybrid Crosses
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Overview
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