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相关概念视频

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

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The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
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Functions of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

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The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
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Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

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Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
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The Oral Microbiota01:27

The Oral Microbiota

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The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Apr 1, 2026

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急性感染的微生物群依赖后果损害组织特异性免疫力

Denise Morais da Fonseca1, Timothy W Hand2, Seong-Ji Han2

  • 1Mucosal Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Immunity at Barrier Sites Initiative, NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, Brazil.

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概括

一次感染可能会破坏免疫系统的沟通,导致长期的粘膜免疫和组织炎症. 恢复肠道微生物群可以帮助恢复感染后的免疫功能.

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科学领域:

  • 免疫学
  • 微生物学
  • 胃肠病学

背景情况:

  • 感染被怀疑是发炎性疾病的起因,但与慢性疾病发病的联系尚不清楚.
  • 了解急性感染如何影响长期组织免疫力对于慢性疾病研究至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 研究一次性急性感染对组织特异性免疫的长期影响.
  • 阐明感染引起的炎症破坏免疫细胞迁移和功能的机制.

主要方法:

  • 在小鼠中研究Yersinia伪结核感染模型.
  • 使用先进的成像技术分析树突细胞迁移模式.
  • 在感染后评估粘膜免疫功能和微生物群组成.

主要成果:

  • 急性Yersinia伪结核感染导致中腔脂肪组织持续炎症和淋巴泄漏.
  • 迁移的树突细胞被转移到脂肪组织中,损害了中枢淋巴结的积累.
  • 这导致粘膜免疫功能如耐受性和保护性免疫持续受到损害.
  • 微生物群信号在感染后保持着炎症,但过渡性切除恢复了粘膜免疫力.

结论:

  • 急性感染可能会导致组织与免疫系统的持续沟通中断.
  • 这种干扰会长期影响组织平衡和免疫力.
  • 针对微生物群可能提供治疗策略,以恢复感染后的免疫功能.