氧化应激抑制人类黑色素瘤细胞的远程转移
Elena Piskounova1, Michalis Agathocleous1, Malea M Murphy1
1Children's Research Institute and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
Nature
|October 16, 2015
概括
黑色素瘤细胞因氧化应激而难以形成远程转移. 代谢变化,特别是叶酸通路的变化,有助于黑色素瘤细胞在这种压力下生存并转移.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 癌症转移研究
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 固体瘤往往会将细胞流入血液,但远程转移是无效的.
- 限制黑色素瘤细胞转移的机制尚不清楚.
- 来自黑色素瘤患者的异种移植具有可变的转移潜力.
研究的目的:
- 研究限制黑色素瘤细胞转移的因素.
- 确定能使黑色素瘤细胞存活和扩散的代谢适应.
- 评估针对转移性无效性的治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 在NSG小鼠中对具有不同转移能力的人类黑色素瘤进行比较分析.
- 在静脉和内移植后瘤形成的评估.
- 在循环和已确定的瘤细胞中评估氧化应激标志物.
- 分析新陈代谢路径的变化,特别是叶酸路径.
- 抗氧化剂和叶酸途径抑制剂的体内测试 (甲基酸,ALDH1L2/MTHFD1抗氧化剂).
主要成果:
- 与皮下注射相比,在全身移植后,黑色素瘤细胞的形成减少.
- 循环和扩散的黑色素瘤细胞经历了显著的氧化应激.
- 转移性黑色素瘤表现出可逆的代谢变化,在叶酸通路中增加了对NADPH生成酶的依赖.
- 抗氧化剂增强了小鼠的远程转移.
- 叶酸途径的抑制抑制了远程转移,但没有影响主要瘤的生长.
结论:
- 氧化应激是体内黑色素瘤细胞转移的关键障碍.
- 代谢适应,特别是叶酸通路的利用,对于克服转移期间的氧化应激至关重要.
- 向叶酸通路可能是抑制黑色素瘤扩散的有效策略.
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