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相关概念视频

Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
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Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
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导致CLL的突变及其进展和复发的演变

Dan A Landau1,2,3,4, Eugen Tausch5, Amaro N Taylor-Weiner1

  • 1Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.

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研究人员在慢性淋巴细胞白血病 (CLL) 中发现了44个突变基因和11个拷贝数变异. 这项研究揭示了CLL发展和演变的关键途径,为癌症复发和结果提供了洞察力.

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科学领域:

  • 癌症生物学
  • 基因组学
  • 血液性恶性瘤

背景情况:

  • 了解导致癌症的基因变异至关重要.
  • 需要进一步阐明慢性淋巴细胞白血病 (CLL) 的致病性.
  • 在疾病和治疗过程中瘤的演变仍然是一个关键问题.

研究的目的:

  • 在CLL中确定复发性基因变异.
  • 确定参与CLL瘤发生的途径.
  • 重建司机事件的演变及其对复发的影响.

主要方法:

  • 538个CLL的全外体测序和匹配的生殖基因样本.
  • 一个前性临床试验的278个样本的分析.
  • 克隆性分析和治疗前和复发样本的比较.

主要成果:

  • 确定了44个反复突变的基因和11个体质拷贝数变异.
  • 发现了新的潜在癌症驱动因素 (例如,RPS15,IKZF3).
  • 突出显示的RNA处理/出口,MYC活动和MAPK信号作为中央CLL通路.
  • 在治疗前和复发样本之间经常出现克隆演变.

结论:

  • 临床样本的大规模测序有助于发现新的癌症基因.
  • 解释了CLL中的驾驶员事件网络.
  • 提供了克隆进化对疾病复发和临床结果的影响.