细胞间电线使甲类古生物和细菌之间的电子转移成为可能
Gunter Wegener1,2, Viola Krukenberg1, Dietmar Riedel3
1Max-Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
Nature
|October 23, 2015
概括
甲无氧氧化是控制温室气体排放的关键. 这项研究表明热友性AOM依赖于古生物和细菌之间的直接电子转移,而不仅仅是. 这一发现澄清了AOM的机制.
科学领域:
- 微生物生态学
- 生物地质化学
- 环境微生物学
背景情况:
- 微生物团队对甲的无氧氧化控制了海洋沉积物中的甲释放.
- 驱动AOM的具体机制和生物适应,特别是在热友条件下,仍然不清楚.
- AOM是由厌氧甲菌 (ANME) 和硫酸盐降解细菌 (SRB) 之间的合成伙伴关系进行的.
研究的目的:
- 在热友AOM (TAOM) 中研究ANME-1和SRBHotSeep-1在60°C的同位相互作用.
- 测试直接跨物种电子转移 (DIET) 作为TAOM的主要机制的假设.
- 将TAOM联盟活动与在上培养的SRBHotSeep-1无ANME培养物进行比较.
主要方法:
- 培养TAOM联合体和无ANME的SRBHotSeep-1.
- 在不同的条件下对甲氧化率和微生物生长的比较分析 (联盟与无ANME).
- 基因表达分析 (细胞染色体和皮利的过度表达) 和细胞间连接 (纳米线) 的显微观测.
主要成果:
- 热爱ANME-1的古生物不能产生足够的来维持SRB HotSeep-1的生长.
- 将添加到SRBHotSeep-1培养物中抑制了甲氧化和ANME-1活动,表明了竞争或反.
- 在TAOM条件下,ANME和SRB都过度表达了细胞外细胞染色体的基因,并形成了类似纳米线的结构,这表明了DIET.
结论:
- 直接的物种间电子转移是推动甲热友厌氧氧化的主要机制.
- 细胞间连接的形成和细胞外电子转移元件的过度表达支持了DIET假设.
- 这种机制可以解释其他参与甲循环的ANME-SRB联盟的运作和特异性.
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