在分化注意力时感官选择的thalamic控制
Ralf D Wimmer1, L Ian Schmitt1, Thomas J Davidson2
1New York University Neuroscience Institute, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA.
Nature
|October 28, 2015
概括
大脑通过偏向皮质下回路来选择感官输入. 前额叶皮层 (PFC) 影响视觉乳头网状核 (visTRN) 控制感官增益和注意力.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 认知神经科学
- 系统神经科学
背景情况:
- 前额叶皮层 (PFC) 参与执行功能,包括注意力和感官选择.
- 大脑选择相关的感官信息并忽略分心的精确神经回路仍然很大程度上是未知的.
- 假设PFC与感官皮层区域之间的相互作用在注意力过程中调解感官选择.
研究的目的:
- 研究跨模态感官选择背后的神经机制.
- 确定前额叶皮层 (PFC) 相互作用在控制对感官刺激的作用.
- 解剖涉及特定感官输入优先级的皮质下电路.
主要方法:
- 在小鼠中开发交叉模式的分化注意力任务.
- 在注意力任务期间PFC功能的光遗传性扰乱.
- 通过电生理学和细胞内光学来研究神经活动.
- 视觉乳头网状核 (visTRN) 的双向光遗传学操纵.
主要成果:
- 在视觉刺激和听觉刺激之间进行选择.
- 行为缺陷取决于PFC与感官丘脑的相互作用,而不是感官皮质.
- 视觉乳头网状核 (visTRN) 中的神经元显示了PFC依赖的火速变化,可预测所选模式.
- 视TRN活动与任务执行有因果关系.
结论:
- 前额叶皮质 (PFC) 通过偏向皮质下回路在感觉选择中发挥关键作用.
- 提出了一种新的感官选择的皮质模型,涉及PFC调节的乳头网状子网络.
- 视TRN通过前进抑制动态控制体的感觉增益,从而选择适当的感觉输入.
相关概念视频
Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay
5.5K
The thalamus, often called “the gateway to the cerebral cortex,” is vital in processing and directing sensory and motor signals throughout the brain. Almost all inputs destined for the cerebral cortex, except for olfactory signals, are relayed through the thalamus. The thalamus is a sophisticated relay station, channeling information from various brain regions to the cerebral cortex, as well as a filter, prioritizing certain signals over others based on current physiological...
5.5K
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways
3.4K
Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
3.4K
Somatosensation
45.5K
The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
45.5K
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex
9.1K
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
9.1K
Lateralization
1.3K
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
1.3K
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex
4.4K
The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
4.4K


