1990年至2013年心血管死亡的全球和区域模式
Gregory A Roth1, Mark D Huffman2, Andrew E Moran2
1From University of Washington, Seattle (G.A.R., M.N., C.J.L.M.); Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (M.D.H.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Columbia University, New York (A.E.M.); National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand (V.F) and Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (G.A.M.). rothg@uw.edu.
心血管疾病 (CVD) 的死亡人数在全球范围内正在下降, 定制健康政策对于实现全球心血管健康目标至关重要.
科学领域:
- 全球健康
- 流行病学
- 心血管医学
背景情况:
- 全球努力旨在到2025年将早发性心血管疾病 (CVD) 减少25%.
- 虽然心血管疾病死亡率有所下降,但在低收入和中等收入地区,因心血管疾病过早死亡而丧失的生命年数正在增加.
- 缺血性心脏病和中风是全球过早死亡的主要原因,区域差异很大.
研究的目的:
- 描述心血管疾病过早死亡的全球趋势和区域差异.
- 审查测量心血管疾病死亡趋势的方法.
- 讨论流行病学过渡模型在解释心血管疾病死亡模式方面的局限性.
主要方法:
- 全球和区域心脏病死亡率数据的分析.
- 对流行病学数据测量技术的审查.
- 评估现有的流行病学转型模型.
主要成果:
- 在心血管疾病过早死亡率方面存在显著的区域差异,中亚的缺血性心脏病高,撒哈拉以南非洲/亚洲的中风高.
- 心血管疾病仍然是主要的死亡原因,在各地区存在很大差异.
- 现有的模型在解释观察到的心血管疾病死亡率分布和趋势方面存在局限性.
结论:
- 实现全球心血管健康目标需要地方政策和干预措施.
- 了解心血管疾病死亡率的区域差异对于有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
- 需要进一步完善流行病学模型以捕捉复杂的全球健康动态.
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