阻止结核病:可持续发展的生物社会模式
Katrina F Ortblad1, Joshua A Salomon1, Till Bärnighausen2
1Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|October 31, 2015
概括
在有效打击结核病 (TB) 方面,重建与生物医学治疗相结合的社会方法至关重要. 解决贫困和改善生活条件的生物社会战略是消除结核病和促进可持续发展的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 社会医学
- 全球健康
背景情况:
- 结核病的传播和进展受到生活条件和营养不良等社会决定因素的重大影响.
- 在化疗出现之前, 改善生活水平和社会干预措施减少了结核病的负担.
- 目前的结核病治疗主要是生物医学,最近的资金在死亡率方面取得了进展,但在减少发病率方面取得的成功有限.
研究的目的:
- 强调需要将社会方法与生物医学战略相结合,以应对全球结核病负担.
- 强调生物社会模式对可持续发展和减贫的重要性.
- 倡导多部门协调和社区参与结核病控制工作.
主要方法:
- 审查结核病管理和控制的历史和当前趋势.
- 分析社会因素对结核病发病率和死亡率的影响.
- 对结核病的生物社会方法的概念框架的开发.
主要成果:
- 虽然生物医学干预已降低结核病死亡率,但结核病发病率仍然是一个重大挑战,特别是在脆弱人群中.
- 为了加快进步,与生物医学进步一起重新引入和加强社会方法至关重要.
- 作为一个综合战略,建议采用生物社会方法,整合健康,社会,经济和环境行动.
结论:
- 终结结核病需要从纯粹的生物医学干预转向全面的生物社会方法.
- 多部门合作和受影响社区的积极参与对于成功至关重要.
- 实施生物社会战略可以显著降低结核病发病率和死亡率,同时有助于减少贫困和可持续发展.
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