来自欧亚洲的小人猿揭示了人类的进化
David M Alba1, Sergio Almécija2, Daniel DeMiguel1
1Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont (ICP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici ICTA-ICP, Carrer de les Columnes sense número, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 31, 2015
概括
一个新的灵长类动物化石,来自米奥森时代的Pliobates cataloniae揭示了原始和衍生特征的马赛克. 这一发现重新塑造了我们对早期人类进化和人类祖先的理解.
科学领域:
- 古灵长类动物学
- 灵长类动物的进化
- 化石发现
背景情况:
- 来自非洲和欧亚的小体类人类类灵长类通常被认为是现存的类 (人类和旧世界子) 的祖先.
- 这些早期的灵长类通常被视为比茎类猿更原始的.
- 小体鱼与人类起源的进化位置一直是研究的主题.
研究的目的:
- 描述一个新发现的小体灵长类动物从伊比利亚中世,Pliobates cataloniae gen. et sp. 没有.
- 在灵长类进化树中分析Pliobates cataloniae的遗传位置.
- 重新评估小鱼在猿类进化中的作用,并深入了解鱼和人类的最后共同祖先.
主要方法:
- 类动物 (Pliobates cataloniae) 化石遗骸的描述,包括部和后部元素.
- 用克拉迪斯分析来确定Pliobates cataloniae的遗传关系.
- 普利奥巴特斯加泰罗尼亚的特征与其他米奥森灵长类动物和现存的鱼的特征进行比较.
主要成果:
- 卡塔罗尼亚类动物 (Pliobates cataloniae) 是一个1160万年前的伊比利亚中世纪的一种小体灵长类动物 (4-5公斤).
- 这种化石展现出原始特征的马赛克,
- 克拉迪斯基分析将Pliobates cataloniae定位为一个干类人种,比Proconsul和其他之前描述的小类人种更为衍生.
结论:
- 普里奥巴特斯卡塔罗尼亚代表着一个重要的干类人,挑战了关于早期猿类进化的先前假设.
- 这一发现需要重新评估小体鱼对人类多样化的进化贡献.
- 这一发现为吉卜和大猿/人类的最后共同祖先的特征提供了关键的见解.
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